MISUSED FORMS DALAM BAHASA INGGRIS

Melanjutkan apa yang sudah kami tulis di posting sebelumnya, beberapa contoh misused forms dalam bahasa Inggris sering kali terjadi. Sebenarnya bagaimana pengunaan/perubahan bentuk kata ganti dalam bahasa Inggris, bisa kita lihat beberapa contoh misused forms dalam bahasa Inggris.


MISUSED FORMS
 

PRONOUN (kata ganti)

Salah: It was him.
Benar: It was he.

Catatan: kata ganti setelah to be harus dalam bentuk nominative case: It was I, etc. Namun dalam bahasa percakapan (spoken English) umumnya dibenarkan bentuk seperti: It is me, it is him, etc.

Salah: My younger brother is taller than me.
Benar: My younger brother is taller than I am.

Catatan: than selalu diikuti oleh nominative case (I, You, he she we, they).

Dalam bahasa percakapan bentuk ini dibenarkan; You are much taller than me.

Salah:  A friend of him told me the news.
Benar: A friend of his told me the news. (one of his friends told me the news).

Catatan: untuk menandaskan kepunyaan digunakan double possesive a friend of mine, a teacher of hers, a neighbor of ours etc.


BOTH & NEITHER

Salah: Both of us didn't come to the meeting last night.
Benar: Neither of us came to the meeting last night.

Catatan: both (kedua-duanya) untuk pernyataan positif, sedangkan neither (kedua-duanya tidak) untuk pernyataan negatif.

Contoh:
Both of them came to school yesterday.
Neither of them came to school yesterday.


DIFFICULT: Sulit, sukar

Salah: I feel difficult to do that sum.
Benar: It is difficult for me to do that sum.

Catatan: Pola yang lazim dari kalimat ini adalah:

it is + adjective + for + pronoun + to infinitive

Contoh lain:
It is easy for him to finish that work in time.
It is hard for them to come early.
It is difficult for us to solve the problem.


ON FOOT: berjalan kaki.

Salah: I would rather go there by foot.
Benar: I would rather go there on foot.

Perkecualian:
by car, by motor-car, by bus, etc.


HAD TO: harus, terpaksa

Salah: I must work overtime yesterday.
Benar: I had to work overtime yesterday.

Catatan: karena must tidak dapat digunakan dalam bentuk lampau, maka untuk bentuk lampau dinyatakan dengan had to.

Contoh lain:
We had to call him long distance last week.
I had to stay up late last night to prepare my homework.


NEGATIVE QUESTIONS

Salah: Didn't You go to school this morning?
Yes, I didn't.
Benar: Didn't You go to school this morning?
No, I didn't.

Salah: Can't he speak english?
Yes, he can't
Benar: Can't he speak English?
No, he can't.

Contoh lain:
Salah: He is not a student, is he?
Yes, he is not a student.
Benar: He is not a student, is he?
No, he is not a student.

Catatan: bila kenyataan berlawanan dengan pertanyaan, pola jawabannya adalah sbb;

Didn't you go to school this morning? But, I did.
Can,t he speak English But, he can.


MISPLACED WORDS

INDIRECT SPEECH

Salah: He asked me where was I going.
Benar: He asked me where I was going.

Catatan: dalam indirect question, anak kalimat berubah menjadi bentuk positif.

Contoh lain:
Salah: I asked him where does he live.
Benar: I asked him where he lives.
Salah: The man asked me what was my name.
Benar: The man asked me what my name was.


INVERSION (PEMBALIKAN)

Salah: Never I have heard of such a thing.
Benar: Never have I heard of such a thing.

Catatan: kata keterangan seperti seldom, rarely, no sooner, selalu digunakan dalam pola ini.

Contoh lain:
Seldom have I seen such a film.
No sooner had we entered the house, the rain came down.


WORD ORDER

Salah: we gave the name to the baby John.
Benar: We gave the name John to the baby.

Salah: I met man old poor woman.
Benar I met a poor old man.

Salah: I have a blue long pencil.
Benar: I have a long blue pencil.

Catatan: ada kecenderungan dalam bahasa Inggris, yaitu kata yang paling permanen, terletak lebih dekat dengan kata bendanya. Dari contoh diatas, old lebih permanen dari poor.


PENGGUNAAN KALIMAT PASIF BAHASA INGGRIS

Demikianlah, beberapa contoh misused forms dalam bahasa Inggris sering terjadi, dan salah tempat. Selamat belajar dan sukses selalu.